BoxScore Lab

Reference

What every number here means.

56 definitions, with the formula wherever the formula is the clearest way to say it. These are the same definitions that appear when you hover a column heading anywhere on the site.

Shooting and shot quality

Efficiency measures that weight a three correctly, and the baseline that separates taking good shots from making them.

eFG%
Effective FG%: field goal % adjusted for 3-pointers being worth more. (FGM + 0.5 × 3PM) / FGA.
xeFG%
Expected eFG%: what this shot diet would produce if every attempt went in at the league average for its zone. Measures shot quality, not shot making.
vs League
FG% minus the league average from this zone.
FTr
Free throw rate: free throw attempts per field goal attempt. A proxy for rim pressure and drawing fouls.
Freq
Share of this player or team's shot attempts taken from this zone.
League FG%
League-wide FG% from this zone, used as the shot-quality baseline.
PPS
Points per shot attempt from this zone.
Shot making
Shot making: actual eFG% minus expected eFG%. Positive means finishing better than the league does from these spots.
3PAr
3-point attempt rate: share of field goal attempts taken from three.
3PA rate
Share of attempts taken from three in this split.
TS%
True shooting %: points per shooting possession, counting 2s, 3s, and free throws. PTS / (2 × (FGA + 0.44 × FTA)).

Team efficiency

Points per hundred possessions, and how much of it the schedule explains.

Adj net
Net rating plus strength of schedule: a first-order opponent adjustment, not a full iterative rating.
DRtg
Defensive rating: points allowed per 100 possessions. Lower is better.
DRtg Δ
Defensive rating on-court minus off-court. Negative is good (defense improves).
DRtg (est)
Estimated defensive rating: points allowed per 100 possessions. Lower is better.
Net rating
Net rating: points scored minus allowed per 100 possessions.
Net Δ
On-court net rating minus off-court net rating: the swing when this player plays.
Net rating
Net rating for this game: estimated offensive rating minus defensive rating.
ORtg
Offensive rating: points scored per 100 possessions.
ORtg Δ
Offensive rating on-court minus off-court.
ORtg (est)
Estimated offensive rating: points per 100 possessions, using estimated possessions from the box score.
Pace
Pace: possessions per 48 minutes.
Margin
Final margin: team points minus opponent points.
Poss
Possessions played.
Poss (est)
Estimated possessions: 0.5 × ((FGA + 0.44 × FTA − OREB + TOV) + the same for the opponent).
SOS
Strength of schedule: average net rating of the opponents faced. Positive means a harder-than-average slate.
Win%
Share of games won.

Four factors

Dean Oliver's decomposition: shoot well, avoid turnovers, rebound your misses, get to the line.

DRB%
Defensive rebound %: share of available defensive rebounds secured.
ORB%
Offensive rebound %: share of available offensive rebounds secured.
REB%
Rebound %: estimated share of available rebounds a player grabbed while on the floor.
TOV%
Turnover %: turnovers per 100 individual possessions used. TOV / (FGA + 0.44 × FTA + TOV). Lower is better.
TOV%
Team turnover % for this lineup: turnovers per 100 possessions.

Usage and rate stats

How much a player does with the possessions they are on the floor for.

AST/TO
Assists per turnover.
AST%
Assist %: estimated share of teammate field goals a player assisted while on the floor.
USG%
Usage rate: share of team possessions a player ends while on the floor (shots, free throws, turnovers).

Lineups and impact

What happens with a group on the floor, and how much of that to believe given the sample.

DRtg off
Team defensive rating with this player off the floor. Lower is better.
Net off
Team net rating with this player off the floor.
ORtg off
Team offensive rating with this player off the floor.
DRtg on
Team defensive rating with this player on the floor. Lower is better.
Net on
Team net rating with this player on the floor.
ORtg on
Team offensive rating with this player on the floor.
PIE
Player impact estimate: a player's share of the total statistical production in their games.
+/-
Point differential while on the floor.
Sample
Possession-count bucket: Small, Medium, or Large.
Weight
How much of the raw net rating survived regression, from 0 (all team average) to 1 (all raw).
Net (stab.)
Net rating regressed toward the team average by possessions played. Keeps a 40-minute lineup from topping the board on noise.

Everything else

Counting stats and context columns.

Value
Value (0-5): impact divided by salary share of the cap, rescaled. Needs salary data to be non-zero.
Rest days
Days off before this game. 0 means a back-to-back.
Final (0-5)
Final (0-5): 40% impact, 30% fit, 20% contract value, 10% age/availability.
Fit
Fit (0-5): how well the target role matches team needs. From the manual free-agent file.
Impact
Impact (0-5): blends shooting efficiency, per-36 production, 3-point shooting, and age/availability.
Opp net
Season net rating of the opponent faced.
Role
Coarse role grouping from listed position: Guard, Wing, or Big.
Call
Pursue at 4.0+, Monitor at 2.75+, otherwise Avoid.
% of cap
Salary as a share of the league salary cap for that season.
Split
The subset of games or possessions summarized in this row.